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Should You Invest in the S&P 500 When It’s at an All-Time High?

Key Points

  • Historical data shows investing at all-time highs in the S&P 500 outperforms random entry points over multiple time frames.
  • Since 1988, those who invested only on days when the index hit new highs still achieved above-average returns over 1, 3, and 5 years.
  • Momentum tends to follow strength: new highs often lead to more new highs.
  • The fear of buying at the top is more emotional than factual.

The Instinctive Hesitation

The instinct is almost universal. When markets hit new highs, investors hesitate. Headlines scream “record levels,” and the first question many ask is whether it’s already too late. Should you invest in the S&P 500 at its peak or wait for a dip?

Most investors would automatically say it’s better to wait. That logic feels safe. But the data says otherwise.

What the Data Shows

A historical analysis of the S&P 500 going back 36 years reveals that investing at market peaks has often delivered better returns than investing on an average day.

Here’s what the numbers look like:

CleaRank

Average Returns After Buying at All-Time Highs

Historical performance insights.

Time After Buying at an All-Time High Average Return
1 Year Later 13.5%
3 Years Later 44%
5 Years Later 82%

By comparison, if you had bought the index on any random trading day, your returns would have been:

CleaRank

Average Returns After Buying on Any Day

Historical performance insights.

Time After Buying on Any Day Average Return
1 Year Later 11.8%
3 Years Later 39%
5 Years Later 74%

In other words, investors who bought at all-time highs consistently came out ahead over those who waited for supposedly better moments.

Why This Happens

There are three core reasons this pattern holds true across decades of data:

  • Strength attracts strength:
    Markets tend to trend. Between 1989 and 1999, the S&P 500 reached a new all-time high an average of 29 times per year. From 2013 to 2021, that average rose to 38. Buying at a high often means entering during an established and ongoing uptrend.
  • Short- and mid-term time frames favor momentum:
    These results reflect 1, 3, and 5-year holding periods. While longer time horizons may present different averages, most investors benchmark success within these exact time frames.
  • Averages beat emotion:
    Yes, there are specific cases where buying on a dip outperforms. But those are outliers. On average, investing at highs has been a successful and repeatable strategy — even when it feels uncomfortable.
CleaRank

S&P 500 Total Return Index – Average Forward Total Returns

(September 1989 – July 2025)

What’s the 2025 Outlook?

As of mid-2025, the S&P 500 is trading near record highs, buoyed by stronger-than-expected GDP growth, resilient corporate earnings, and optimism around artificial intelligence and automation.

With inflation cooling and the Federal Reserve indicating a more stable rate environment, institutional capital is flowing back into equities. The rotation toward large-cap tech and diversified growth funds is accelerating.

CleaRank’s equity research team currently maintains a bullish near-term outlook for the S&P 500, projecting continued strength through Q4 driven by:

  • Upgrades in 2025 corporate earnings forecasts
  • Stabilization in bond yields
  • Positive flows into passive index funds and ETFs
  • AI-driven productivity gains in multiple sectors

Shaun David: “Hesitation Is a Hidden Cost”

Shaun David, Head of Broker Integrity and Market Analysis at CleaRank, weighs in:

He adds:

The Evidence is Conclusive

Should you invest in the S&P 500 when it’s at an all-time high? The evidence is clear. While no timing strategy is perfect, investing at new highs has historically delivered superior results compared to trying to wait for a dip.

Rather than fearing momentum, smart investors learn to respect it.

FAQ

Not inherently. Historically, investing at market highs has led to strong average returns. Risk comes more from emotional decision-making than from the entry point itself.

Short-term declines are always possible. But over multi-year periods, the S&P 500 has consistently recovered and grown. Long-term commitment matters more than timing perfection.

Both are valid strategies. But even lump-sum investing at all-time highs has outperformed many cautious approaches, especially when accompanied by long holding periods.

We remain constructive on large-cap equities and the S&P 500 specifically. With strong macro tailwinds and corporate fundamentals improving, record highs should not be seen as a barrier to entry.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute investment advice. Always do your own research.

Jacob Bakshi Author Profile
Jacob Bakshi Author Profile

Jacob Bakshi

Author of this article

I’m Jacob and I specialize in CFDs, options trading, and market analysis. Over the years, I’ve developed a deep understanding of the risks and rewards that come with trading derivatives and survived enough volatility to know that trading is like skydiving: thrilling, but you’d better trust your parachute (or broker). I use CleaRank’s Methodology to test brokers based on their offerings and ensure traders that visit our site have access to brokers that align perfectly with their trading strategies.